Variable polarization states in free-electron lasers
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Free-electron lasers (FELs) can emit light with different optical polarizations including linear, elliptic and circular corresponding to the characteristics of undulators used. X-ray FELs depend upon long undulator lines consisting a sequence short undulators. Linearly polarized are most commonly used; hence output is linearly polarized. Alternately, APPLE-II, Delta designs, or alternating orientations be used produce undulating magnetic fields arbitrary polarizations. We present three-dimensional, time-dependent formulation that self-consistently includes two and, therefore, treats any given combination imperfections degradation There principal underpin this capability. First, particles tracked using full Newton–Lorentz force equations analytic models fields. This permits an accurate model interaction electrons large variety orientations. Second, couple simultaneously independent electromagnetic polarization evolves along line. numerical give some examples prevailing configurations.
منابع مشابه
Free-electron lasers
CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 87, NO. 8, 25 OCTOBER 2004 1066 Srinivas Krishnagopal and Vinit Kumar are in the Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India; Srinivas Krishnagopal and S. K. Sarkar are in the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India; Sudipta Maiti and S. S. Prabhu are in the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400 005, In...
متن کاملLasers , Free - Electron
Free-electron lasers are radiation sources, based on the coherent emission of synchrotron radiation of relativistic electrons within an undulator or wiggler. The resonant radiation wavelength depends on the electron beam energy and can be tuned over the entire spectrum from micrometer to X-ray radiation. The emission level of free-electron lasers is several orders of magnitude larger than the e...
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In a free-electron laser (FEL) the lasing medium is a high-energy beam of electrons flying with relativistic speed through a periodic magnetic field. The interaction between the synchrotron radiation that is produced and the electrons in the beam induces a periodic bunching of the electrons, greatly increasing the intensity of radiation produced at a particular wavelength. Depending only on a p...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of physics communications
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2399-6528']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac1c89